SIZES

Since the eighteenth century, in the shoe industry used its own unit: point. Thus, to determine the length of the foot could be used Paris point, the point Berlin, Vienna point, etc. That teachers from different regions were set as a result of different arrangements. In any case, the numbering to determine the length of the shoe did not have too much importance to the late nineteenth century, when it began to develop mass production.

SHOES IN DEVELOPMENT AND ROLE IN COLOMBIA

The shoe story follows the trade of shoemakers, which began more than 14,000 years, evolve into the stone age because women were the people responsible for the designation clothing for the whole family. Similarly in the story, because Egypt is involved in the evolution of this country was unwrapping the shoe through craftsmanship from design workshops sandals, belts design, including sketches.

This entonce shoemakers created various workshops located in the city streets and at key points of the same, making them call Zapatería street. Within the story, the shoemakers used certain conditions for those who would like to enter into your guild from the X and XI century used: 2 "could be only those coming apprentices" an orderly and virtuous marriage, both by father mother's side "or those married to a widow shoemaker". (blog Eugenia Di Prego, 2008).

As demanded chastity of families and marriages pure, also required that he wanted to be with them was to spend 14 days in a shoe shop to check their talent and skill. The shoemakers were the field and work with few resources performing simple and inexpensive footwear for farmers.

Within the history of footwear has always prevailed in the daily lives of people especially men is because from the beginning when man start work options the primary use for this were the boots, which were considered very masculine. In the mid-twelfth and thirteenth centuries, changing the leather footwear was noticing because new designs began to emerge as peak shoes, using different materials like wood to leather to keep feet comfortably and dry them walking. Also, according to the range of power that each person had the type of footwear changed and the selection of the design was exclusively for people with higher ranks in society.

The raw materials used for the production of Colombian shoes are rubber, plastic and leather, the latter being the most used because the chain is made up of leather subsectors as cattle ranches, refrigerators, slaughterhouses and tanneries. Thanks to this, it is necessary to import raw materials from other countries, so that the production of footwear is easy, cheap and high quality.

After 90 subsectors of leather began to position within the top nationally, because they started to bring the country's foreign exchange market, the growth of the economy, job creation and other factors.

more practice used in the footwear industry is the leather industry, where the main raw material is raw skin, which represents between 60% and 70% of the cost of the final product. The tanning process requires high chemical technology which use a lot of chemicals that pollute the environment and human health. This practice is still carried out in a very empirical in our country, therefore, people who work in this medium not know the damage they do to the environment or to themselves.

There are 20 or 30 tanneries in Colombia modernized and technologically advanced, but they are mostly artisanal tanneries informal and low technology, which also are found in both rural areas and as in the big city. The tanner subsector devotes 80% of production to supply the domestic market supplying raw materials for footwear and leather goods also generate other leather products like conglomerates, soaps, capsules, candles, toys, dogs, etc..

Similarly within the footwear development in Colombia, the drastic changes presented in leather have been notorious because of the designs, colors, textures and materials recursion with the same cuero.3 (Agustín Gómez, 2000)

Today the shoe becomes a circle through fashion due to modern changes and the combination with the old for many is something quirky and other chick within natural human dress.

FABRICATION

Shoemaking as such, had been doing so since the early historical craft. And although in Roman times there was a huge amount of shoes, the processes were handmade, therefore the mass production process arguably not appear until the time of the Industrial Revolution.

In both procedures, although differently, you follow a few basic steps:

Selection of skins or materials.
Cortado. According to the outline to be acquired parts.
Lowered. Recess parts, mainly skin.
Trim (also called aparado or stitching). Sewing cut parts.
Mounted (also called focus). One mold being used which serves as a model standing fit when the shoe parts (toe or shovel heel, sole, etc.)
Encajillado. Introduction of shoes in cardboard boxes.
Process craft
The traditional process is essentially a process manual that sophisticated technology is not used. Made in a small family workshop or in a native community, are generally used for high-quality natural materials, also used in some cases chemical and industrial processes of all types to make them.

Industrial Process
Within the various sections of the manufacture of a shoe, as we have seen above, the cut is done in three different ways or methods, the cut manually using a hand tool to cut the skin using a pattern (usually cardboard or sheet steel). Still, there are automatic cutting machines, die cutting, mainly used for cutting the inner lining of the shoe, usually of lower quality leather, falzas or between soles, and leather for the upper, another method is new and modern computerized cutting which uses software for configuration and location of parts of the skin, the order is given as give the print command, only putting points back painting stitches performs cutting with a blade or laser This latter method has advantages over earlier, does not require an investment in dies for each design, you can make cuts in more detail than if it were cut by hand in less time, using fake fur configuration is done in less time and configuration with fewer cycles.

The lining is made with sewing machines similar to those used in the textile industry.

The assembled perhaps the most mechanized in the footwear industry. In fact this section is also called the track, because the shoes are scrolling through some drawers that run on a route of iron (up to the worker) and each worker is becoming part of the work of this section using a machine. The exact process of riding (junction of the skin with the sole of the shoe) is made with a machine called "machine fitted".

There are two methods of putting the shoe sole injection pneumatically to court when the sole is injected separately this is stuck manually by an operator and extended as air, the second method is when the sole is injected directly on the cut a mold, this is called shear injection.

The paper packaging boxes, is also manual. The shoe pairs is introduced in boxes. It will include regulatory labels, bar codes to facilitate the sale in stores, etc.. Several shoe boxes (6, 10, 12, 24 ...) are inserted in a carton to facilitate their transport to the customer.

TYPES OF SHOES

Alpargatas
boots
huaraches
sandal
Platform Shoes
running Shoes
sneakers
Shoes with spikes
Pumps